First, I want to define what I mean by “megahit.” Lots of apps are really successful, but in this case I’m talking about apps that are such big hits that they are unavoidable. They’re not just a game that a gamer is playing, but a game your neighbor is playing. Some examples of apps that have megahit status in my mind: Angry Birds, Tiny Tower, Draw Something, Flappy Bird, and Candy Crush Saga. A lot of people roll their eyes at some of these games, but their status as successes isn’t deniable.
So what factors do successful games have in common? From most, to somewhat lesser in importance:
1. Luck
2. Iteration
3. Polish
4. Friendliness
If I were to actually draw a chart showing the actual level of importance here, Luck would be the biggest factor times ten times a hundred. If I were to devote words to how important Luck is, it would be the largest part of this article too. But luck is what it is, and it’s not a factor that any one person has much control over.
There’s really only one way to increase your luck, and that’s with the Iteration part.
If you were buying a ticket for a raffle (or, the lottery), you’d have a better chance of winning the raffle if you bought more than one ticket. Likewise, people who make megahit apps tend to make a lot of apps. Rovio Mobile had dozens of less-interesting games before hitting on Angry Birds. Flappy Bird‘s creator has several other titles. Draw Something may seem like it came out of nowhere, but it was a mobile iteration on Draw My Thing, a game from 2008 that was part of OMGPop’s huge library.
If your success does amount to a roll of the dice, you’re better off, statistically, rolling as many dice as you can. But iteration also adds another factor: the more games you make, the better you get at making games.
I’ve seen lots of people get great success with their first released indy game. But this seems less frequent in mobile, at least not without a proven track record of already developing hits for other platforms, or a pre-existing brand name backing the app. You’re just better off making a lot of games.
Polish is an interesting factor because Flappy Bird is a hit, but doesn’t seem like it’s polished in a traditional sense. In many ways it looks rather crude.
But it really isn’t, at least, not in the ways that are important, which is basic attractiveness and “readability.” The average person doesn’t really have a firm grasp of framerates or things that hardcore gamers debate a lot about. They just care if the game looks “finished” and appealing. There’s a lot of factors that go into readability and appeal: too many for this post. I want to talk later about color theory and why it’s really important for mobile apps. For now let me just say that Flappy Bird while it looks weird, does not look unpleasant, and that’s really important.
Yeah, a lot of people don’t like that the pipes are the same exact shape as the ones from Mario. I won’t go into whether or not they are plagiarized. But as a borrowed design, it’s one that at least is very readable and makes its boundaries very clear to the player. The hard-edged shape and bold outlines of the pipes mean that when you lose the game, you always feel that it’s in some way your fault.
Friendliess is a factor that’s closely related to polish. Generally speaking people are more likely to download apps that look like they’re, well, fun, and less likely to click on stuff that seems like it might be grim. People often associate grimmer aesthetics with the game being too hard or some kind of time sink.
Note that it doesn’t actually matter if the game is a hard time sink. Flappy Bird is really hard and is a time sink. Candy Crush Saga is hard, unfair, and a time sink. But neither of these games are oppressive in how they present this. In fact it’s totally OK to be cruel in your game design, and it seems like the combination of cute and cruel works especially well. But it is important the game appear approachable, and simple to understand controls are a big factor as well. Design with the touchscreen in mind, instead of a game that relies on floating joypads to operate, and the game will be better and more likely to be played.
I realize I really didn’t talk about creativity or originality at all. Sorry. It’s entirely possible to create a game that is very original and also a hit. It’s also possible to put a new layer of polish on mechanics that are already out there, re-theme it a little bit, and still have a tremendous hit…
Thoughts? Any obvious factors I’m missing? I know the fact that it’s more important to be iterative than creative doesn’t always thrill people, but it seems like the facts of life in mobile.
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